2003 AIME I Problems/Problem 10

Problem

Triangle $ABC$ is isosceles with $AC = BC$ and $\angle ACB = 106^\circ.$ Point $M$ is in the interior of the triangle so that $\angle MAC = 7^\circ$ and $\angle MCA = 23^\circ.$ Find the number of degrees in $\angle CMB.$

Solution

From the givens, we have the following angle measures: $m\angle AMC = 150^\circ$ , $m\angle MCB = 83^\circ$ . If we define $m\angle CMB = \theta$ then we also have $m\angle CBM = 97^\circ - \theta$ . Then Apply the Law of Sines to triangles $\triangle AMC$ and $\triangle BMC$ to get

$\frac{\sin 150^\circ}{\sin 7^\circ} = \frac{AC}{CM} = \frac{BC}{CM} = \frac{\sin \theta}{\sin 97^\circ - \theta}$

Clearing denominators, evaluating $\sin 150^\circ = \frac 12$ and applying one of our trigonometric identities to the result gives

$\frac{1}{2} \cos 7^\circ - \theta = \sin 7^\circ \sin \theta$

and multiplying through by 2 and applying the double angle formula gives

$\cos 7^\circ\cos\theta + \sin7^\circ\sin\theta = 2 \sin7^\circ \sin\theta$

and so $\cos 7^\circ \cos \theta = \sin 7^\circ \sin\theta$

and, since $0^\circ < \theta < 180^\circ$ , we must have $\theta = 83^\circ$ , so the answer is $083$ .

2003 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by Problem 9	Followed by Problem 11
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2003 AIME I Problems/Problem 10

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