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Difference between revisions of "2016 AIME I Problems/Problem 15"

(Created page with "==Problem == Circles <math>\omega_1</math> and <math>\omega_2</math> intersect at points <math>X</math> and <math>Y</math>. Line <math>\ell</math> is tangent to <math>\omega_...")
 
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==Solution==
 
==Solution==
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{{solution}}
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By radical axis theorem <math>AD, XY, BC</math> concur at point <math>E</math>.
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Let <math>AB</math> and <math>EY</math> intersect at <math>S</math>. Note that because <math>AXDY</math> and <math>CYXB</math> are cyclic, by Miquel theorem <math>AXBE</math> are cyclic as well. Thus
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<cmath>\angle AEX = \angle ABX = \angle XCB = \angle XYB</cmath>and
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<cmath>\angle XEB = \angle XAB = \angle XDA = \angle XYA.</cmath>Thus <math>AY // EB</math> and <math>YB // EA</math> so <math>AEBY</math> is a parallelogram. Hence <math>AS = SB</math> and <math>SE = SY</math>. But notice that <math>DXE</math> and <math>EXC</math> are similar by <math>AA</math> Similarity, so <math>XE^2 = XD \cdot XC = 37 \cdot 67</math>. But
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<cmath>XE^2 - XY^2 = (XE + XY)(XE - XY) = EY \cdot 2XS = 2SY \cdot 2SX = 4SA^2 = AB^2.</cmath>Hence <math>AB^2 = 47^2 - 37 \cdot 67 = 270.</math>
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==See Also==
 
==See Also==
 
{{AIME box|year=2016|n=I|num-b=14|after=Last Question}}
 
{{AIME box|year=2016|n=I|num-b=14|after=Last Question}}
 
{{MAA Notice}}
 
{{MAA Notice}}

Revision as of 18:48, 4 March 2016

Problem

Circles $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ intersect at points $X$ and $Y$. Line $\ell$ is tangent to $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ at $A$ and $B$, respectively, with line $AB$ closer to point $X$ than to $Y$. Circle $\omega$ passes through $A$ and $B$ intersecting $\omega_1$ again at $D \neq A$ and intersecting $\omega_2$ again at $C \neq B$. The three points $C$, $Y$, $D$ are collinear, $XC = 67$, $XY = 47$, and $XD = 37$. Find $AB^2$.

Solution

By radical axis theorem $AD, XY, BC$ concur at point $E$.

Let $AB$ and $EY$ intersect at $S$. Note that because $AXDY$ and $CYXB$ are cyclic, by Miquel theorem $AXBE$ are cyclic as well. Thus \[\angle AEX = \angle ABX = \angle XCB = \angle XYB\]and \[\angle XEB = \angle XAB = \angle XDA = \angle XYA.\]Thus $AY // EB$ and $YB // EA$ so $AEBY$ is a parallelogram. Hence $AS = SB$ and $SE = SY$. But notice that $DXE$ and $EXC$ are similar by $AA$ Similarity, so $XE^2 = XD \cdot XC = 37 \cdot 67$. But \[XE^2 - XY^2 = (XE + XY)(XE - XY) = EY \cdot 2XS = 2SY \cdot 2SX = 4SA^2 = AB^2.\]Hence $AB^2 = 47^2 - 37 \cdot 67 = 270.$

See Also

2016 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 14 		Followed by
Last Question
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

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