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2024 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 14

Revision as of 23:27, 8 November 2024 by Andliu766 (talk | contribs)

Problem

One side of an equilateral triangle of height $24$ lies on line $\ell$. A circle of radius $12$ is tangent to line $\ l$ and is externally tangent to the triangle. The area of the region exterior to the triangle and the circle and bounded by the triangle, the circle, and line $\ell$ can be written as $a \sqrt{b} - c \pi$, where $a$, $b$, and $c$ are positive integers and $b$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. What is $a + b + c$?

$\textbf{(A)}~72\qquad\textbf{(B)}~73\qquad\textbf{(C)}~74\qquad\textbf{(D)}~75\qquad\textbf{(E)}~76$

Diagram

[asy] /* Made by MRENTHUSIASM */ size(250); pair A, B, C; path p1, p2, p3; p1 = scale(16)*polygon(3); p2 = Circle((12*sqrt(3),4),12); A = intersectionpoint(p1,p2); B = (8*sqrt(3),-8); C = (12*sqrt(3),-8); Label L1 = Label("$24$", align=(0,0), position=MidPoint, filltype=Fill(0,3,white)); fill(A--Arc((12*sqrt(3),4),A,C)--B--cycle,yellow); draw(p1^^p2); draw((8*sqrt(3),-8)--(22+8*sqrt(3),-8)); draw((-18,-8)--(-18,16), L=L1, arrow=Arrows(),bar=Bars(15)); dot((12*sqrt(3),4),linewidth(4)); draw((12*sqrt(3),4)--(12+12*sqrt(3),4)); label("$12$",(6+12*sqrt(3),4),1.5S); [/asy]

Solution 1

Call the bottom vertices $B$ and $C$ (the one closer to the circle is $C$) and the top vertice $A$. The tangency point between the circle and the side of triangle is $D$, and the tangency point on line $\ell$ $E$, and the center of the circle is $O$


Draw radii to the tangency points, the arc is $60$ degrees because $\angle ACB$ is $60$, and since $\angle DCE$ is supplementary, it's $120^{\circ}$. The sum of the angles in a quadrilateral is $360$, which means $\angle COD$ is $60^{\circ}$


Triangle ODC is $30$-$60$-$90$ triangle so CD is $4\sqrt{3}$. Since we have $2$ congruent triangles ($\triangle ODC$ and $\triangle OEC$), the combined area of both is $48\sqrt{3}$. The area of the arc is $144 \cdot \frac{60}{360} \cdot \pi$ which is $24\pi$, so the answer is $48\sqrt{3}-24\pi$


$a+b+c$ is $48+3+24$ which is $\boxed{\textbf{(D)}~75}$


~ASPALAPATI75 ~andliu766 (latex)

edits by 9897

Note

There were two possible configurations from this problem; the one described in the solution above and the configuration in which the circle is tangent to the bottom of line $\ell$ and the base of the equilateral triangle. However, since the area in this configuration is simply $0,$ we can infer that the problem is talking about the configuration in Solution 1.

~dbnl

See also

2024 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 13 		Followed by
Problem 15
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

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