2022 AIME I Problems/Problem 11

Problem

Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram with $\angle BAD < 90^{\circ}$ . A circle tangent to sides $\overline{DA}$ , $\overline{AB}$ , and $\overline{BC}$ intersects diagonal $\overline{AC}$ at points $P$ and $Q$ with $AP < AQ$ , as shown. Suppose that $AP = 3$ , $PQ = 9$ , and $QC = 16$ . Then the area of $ABCD$ can be expressed in the form $m\sqrt n$ , where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers, and $n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $m+n$ .

$[asy] defaultpen(linewidth(0.6)+fontsize(11)); size(8cm); pair A,B,C,D,P,Q; A=(0,0); label("$A$", A, SW); B=(6,15); label("$B$", B, NW); C=(30,15); label("$C$", C, NE); D=(24,0); label("$D$", D, SE); P=(5.2,2.6); label("$P$", (5.8,2.6), N); Q=(18.3,9.1); label("$Q$", (18.1,9.7), W); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle); draw(C--A); draw(Circle((10.95,7.45), 7.45)); dot(A^^B^^C^^D^^P^^Q); [/asy]$

Solution

Let the circle tangent to $BC,AD,AB$ at $P,Q,M$ separately, denote that $\angle{ABC}=\angle{D}=\alpha$

Using POP, it is very clear that $PC=20,AQ=AM=6$ , let $BM=BP=x,QD=14+x$ , using LOC in $\triangle{ABP}$ , $x^2+(x+6)^2-2x(x+6)\cos\alpha=36+PQ^2$ , similarly, use LOC in $\triangle{DQC}$ , getting that $(14+x)^2+(6+x)^2-2(6+x)(14+x)\cos\alpha=400+PQ^2$ . We use the second equation to minus the first equation, getting that $28x+196-(2x+12)*14*\cos\alpha=364$ , we can get $\cos\alpha=\frac{2x-12}{2x+12}$ .

Now applying LOC in $\triangle{ADC}$ , getting $(6+x)^2+400-2(6+x)*20*\frac{2x-12}{2x+12}=(3+9+16)^2$ , solving this equation to get $x=\frac{9}{2}$ , then $\cos\alpha=-\frac{1}{7}$ , $\sin\alpha=\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{7}$ , the area is $\frac{21}{2}*\frac{49}{2}*\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{7}=147\sqrt{3}$ leads to $\boxed{150}$

2022 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by Problem 10	Followed by Problem 12
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2022 AIME I Problems/Problem 11

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