2012 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 13

Problem

Two parabolas have equations $y= x^2 + ax +b$ and $y= x^2 + cx +d$ , where $a, b, c,$ and $d$ are integers, each chosen independently by rolling a fair six-sided die. What is the probability that the parabolas will have a least one point in common?

Solution 1

Set the two equations equal to each other: $x^2 + ax + b = x^2 + cx + d$ . Now remove the x squared and get x's on one side: $ax-cx=d-b$ . Now factor $x$ : $x(a-c)=d-b$ . If a cannot equal $c$ , then there is always a solution, but if $a=c$ , a $1$ in $6$ chance, leaving a $1080$ out $1296$ , always having at least one point in common. And if $a=c$ , then the only way for that to work, is if $d=b$ , a $1$ in $36$ chance, however, this can occur $6$ ways, so a $1$ in $6$ chance of this happening. So adding one sixth to $\frac{1080}{1296}$ , we get the simplified fraction of $3136$ ; answer $D\Box$ .

Solution 2

Proceed as above to obtain $x(a-c)=d-b$ . The probability that the parabolas have at least 1 point in common is 1 minus the probability that they do not intersect. The equation $x(a-c)=d-b$ has no solution if and only if $a=c$ and $d\neq b$ . The probability that $a=c$ is $\frac{1}{6}$ while the probability that $d\neq b$ is $\frac{5}{6}$ . Thus we have $1-\left(\frac{1}{6}\right)\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)=\frac{31}{36}$ for the probability that the parabolas intersect.

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2012 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 13

Problem

Solution 1

Solution 2