Art of Problem Solving
AoPS Online
Math texts, online classes, and more
for students in grades 5-12.
Visit AoPS Online ‚
Books for Grades 5-12 Online Courses
Beast Academy
Engaging math books and online learning
for students ages 6-13.
Visit Beast Academy ‚
Books for Ages 6-13 Beast Academy Online
AoPS Academy
Small live classes for advanced math
and language arts learners in grades 2-12.
Visit AoPS Academy ‚
Find a Physical Campus Visit the Virtual Campus

Difference between revisions of "2021 Fall AMC 12A Problems/Problem 15"

(→‎Solution 2)
m (Added explanation of how to find D.)
Line 5: Line 5:
  
 
==Solution 1==
 
==Solution 1==
 +
 +
By Vieta's formulas, <math>z_1z_2z_3z_4=1</math>, and <math>D=
 +
(4i)^4\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_2\,\overline{z}_3\,\overline{z}_4.</math>
 +
 +
Since <math>\overline{a}\cdot\overline{b}=\overline{ab},</math>
 +
<cmath>D=(4i)^4\overline{z_1z_2z_3z_4} = 256(\overline{1}) = 256</cmath>
  
 
By Vieta's formulas, <math>z_1z_2+z_1z_3+\dots+z_3z_4=3</math>, and <math>B=(4i)^2\left(\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_2+\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_3+\dots+\overline{z}_3\,\overline{z}_4\right).</math>
 
By Vieta's formulas, <math>z_1z_2+z_1z_3+\dots+z_3z_4=3</math>, and <math>B=(4i)^2\left(\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_2+\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_3+\dots+\overline{z}_3\,\overline{z}_4\right).</math>
Line 16: Line 22:
 
Our answer is <math>B+D=256-48=\boxed{(\textbf{D}) \: 208}.</math>
 
Our answer is <math>B+D=256-48=\boxed{(\textbf{D}) \: 208}.</math>
  
−
~kingofpineapplz
+
~kingofpineapplz ~sl_hc
  
 
==Solution 2==
 
==Solution 2==

Revision as of 05:00, 3 November 2024

Problem

Recall that the conjugate of the complex number $w = a + bi$, where $a$ and $b$ are real numbers and $i = \sqrt{-1}$, is the complex number $\overline{w} = a - bi$. For any complex number $z$, let $f(z) = 4i\hspace{1pt}\overline{z}$. The polynomial \[P(z) = z^4 + 4z^3 + 3z^2 + 2z + 1\] has four complex roots: $z_1$, $z_2$, $z_3$, and $z_4$. Let \[Q(z) = z^4 + Az^3 + Bz^2 + Cz + D\] be the polynomial whose roots are $f(z_1)$, $f(z_2)$, $f(z_3)$, and $f(z_4)$, where the coefficients $A,$ $B,$ $C,$ and $D$ are complex numbers. What is $B + D?$

$(\textbf{A})\: {-}304\qquad(\textbf{B}) \: {-}208\qquad(\textbf{C}) \: 12i\qquad(\textbf{D}) \: 208\qquad(\textbf{E}) \: 304$

Solution 1

By Vieta's formulas, $z_1z_2z_3z_4=1$, and $D= (4i)^4\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_2\,\overline{z}_3\,\overline{z}_4.$

Since $\overline{a}\cdot\overline{b}=\overline{ab},$ \[D=(4i)^4\overline{z_1z_2z_3z_4} = 256(\overline{1}) = 256\]

By Vieta's formulas, $z_1z_2+z_1z_3+\dots+z_3z_4=3$, and $B=(4i)^2\left(\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_2+\overline{z}_1\,\overline{z}_3+\dots+\overline{z}_3\,\overline{z}_4\right).$

Since $\overline{a}\cdot\overline{b}=\overline{ab},$ \[B=(4i)^2\left(\overline{z_1z_2}+\overline{z_1z_3}+\overline{z_1z_4}+\overline{z_2z_3}+\overline{z_2z_4}+\overline{z_3z_4}\right).\] Since $\overline{a}+\overline{b}=\overline{a+b},$ \[B=(4i)^2\left(\overline{z_1z_2+z_1z_3+\dots+z_3z_4}\right)=-16(\overline{3})=-48\]


Our answer is $B+D=256-48=\boxed{(\textbf{D}) \: 208}.$

~kingofpineapplz ~sl_hc

Solution 2

Since the coefficients of $P$ are real, the roots of $P$ can also be written as $\overline{z_1}, \overline{z_2}, \overline{z_3}, \overline{z_4}$. With this observation, it's easy to see that the polynomials $P(z)$ and $Q(4i\hspace{1pt}z)$ have the same roots. Hence, there exists some constant $K$ such that \begin{align*} P(z)=K*Q(4i\hspace{1pt}z) \end{align*}

By comparing coefficients, its easy to see that $K=\frac{1}{(4i)^4}$. Hence $\frac{B*(4i)^2}{(4i)^4}=3$ and $\frac{D}{(4i)^4}=1$. Hence $B=-48$, $D=256$, so $B+D=208$ and our answer is $\boxed{(\textbf{D}) \: 208}$.

~tsun26

See Also

2021 Fall AMC 12A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 14 		Followed by
Problem 16
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. AMC logo.png

Retrieved from "https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=2021_Fall_AMC_12A_Problems/Problem_15&oldid=231326"