Difference between revisions of "2017 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 25"

Revision as of 10:08, 21 October 2021

Problem

Last year Isabella took $7$ math tests and received $7$ different scores, each an integer between $91$ and $100$ , inclusive. After each test she noticed that the average of her test scores was an integer. Her score on the seventh test was $95$ . What was her score on the sixth test?

$\textbf{(A)}\ 92\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 94\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 96\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 98\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 100$

Solution 1

Let the sum of the scores of Isabella's first $6$ tests be $S$ . Since the mean of her first $7$ scores is an integer, then $S + 95 \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 7)}$ , or $S \equiv3 \text{ (mod 7)}$ . Also, $S \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 6)}$ , so by CRT, $S \equiv 24 \text{ (mod 42)}$ . We also know that $91 \cdot 6 \leq S \leq 100 \cdot 6$ , so by inspection, $S = 570$ . However, we also have that the mean of the first $5$ test scores must be an integer, so the sum of the first $5$ test scores must be an multiple of $5$ , which implies that the $6$ th test score is $\boxed{\textbf{(E) } 100}$ .

Solution 2

First, we find the largest sum of scores which is $100+99+98+97+96+95+94$ which equals $7(97)$ . Then we find the smallest sum of scores which is $91+92+93+94+95+96+97$ which is $7(94)$ . So the possible sums for the 7 test scores so that they provide an integer average are $7(97), 7(96), 7(95)$ and $7(94)$ which are $679, 672, 665,$ and $658$ respectively. Now in order to get the sum of the first 6 tests, we subtract $95$ from each sum producing $584, 577, 570,$ and $563$ . Notice only $570$ is divisible by $6$ so, therefore, the sum of the first $6$ tests is $570$ . We need to find her score on the $6th$ test so we have to find which number will give us a number divisible by $5$ when subtracted from $570.$ Since $95$ is the $7th$ test score and all test scores are distinct that only leaves $\boxed{\textbf{(E) } 100}$ .

Solution 3

Since all of the scores are from $91 - 100$ , we can subtract 90 from all of the scores. Basically, we're looking at their units digits (except for 100 - we're looking at 10 in this case). Since the last score was a 95, the sum of the scores from the first six tests must be $3 \pmod 7$ and $0 \pmod 6$ . Trying out a few cases, the only solution possible is 30 (this is from adding numbers 1-10). The sixth test score must be $0 \pmod 5$ because $30\equiv 0\pmod5$ . The only possible test scores are $95$ and $100$ , and $95$ is already used, so the answer is $\boxed{\textbf{(E)}100}$ .

Solution 4 (Working Backwards)

$\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline & 91 & 92 & 93 & 94 & 95 & 96 & 97 & 98 & 99 & 100 \\ \hline mod 7 & \textbf{0} & \textbf{1} & 2 & \textbf{3} & \underline{\textbf{4}} & \textbf{5} & \textbf{6} & 0 & 1 & \textbf{2} \\ \hline mod 6 & \textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & 3 & \textbf{4} & 5 & \textbf{0} & \textbf{1} & 2 & 3 & \underline{\textbf{4}} \\ \hline mod 5 & \textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & 3 & \underline{\textbf{4}} & 0 & \textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & 3 & 4 & 0 \\ \hline mod 4 & \underline{\textbf{3}} & \textbf{0} & 1 & 2 & 3 & \textbf{0} & \textbf{1} & 2 & 3 & 0 \\ \hline mod 3 & 1 & \textbf{2} & 0 & 1 & 2 & \textbf{0} & \underline{\textbf{1}} & 2 & 0 & 1 \\ \hline mod 2 & 1 & \underline{\textbf{0}} & 1 & 0 & 1 & \textbf{0} & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ \hline \end{tabular}$

~isabelchen

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/YFz4bctJYVE - Happytwin

2017 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
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