Art of Problem Solving
AoPS Online
Math texts, online classes, and more
for students in grades 5-12.
Visit AoPS Online ‚
Books for Grades 5-12 Online Courses
Beast Academy
Engaging math books and online learning
for students ages 6-13.
Visit Beast Academy ‚
Books for Ages 6-13 Beast Academy Online
AoPS Academy
Small live classes for advanced math
and language arts learners in grades 2-12.
Visit AoPS Academy ‚
Find a Physical Campus Visit the Virtual Campus

Difference between revisions of "2020 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 20"

(→‎Solution)
(→‎Solution)
Line 19: Line 19:
 
Region 1: The volume of B is 12, so <math>d=12</math>
 
Region 1: The volume of B is 12, so <math>d=12</math>
  
−
Region 2: The volume is equal to the surface area of B times r. The surface area can easily be computed to be 38, so <math>c=38</math>.
+
Region 2: The volume is equal to the surface area of B times r. The surface area can easily be computed to be <math>2(4*3 + 3*1 + 4*1) = 38</math>, so <math>c=38</math>.
  
−
Region 3: The volume of each quarter cylinder is equal to <math>(\pi*r^2*h)/4</math>. The sum of all such cylinders must equal <math>(\pi*r^2)/4</math> times the sum of the edge lengths. This can easily be computed as 32, so the sum of the volumes of the quarter cylinders is <math>8\pi*r^2</math>. <math>b=8\pi</math>
+
Region 3: The volume of each quarter cylinder is equal to <math>(\pi*r^2*h)/4</math>. The sum of all such cylinders must equal <math>(\pi*r^2)/4</math> times the sum of the edge lengths. This can easily be computed as <math>4(4+3+1) = 32</math>, so the sum of the volumes of the quarter cylinders is <math>8\pi*r^2</math>. <math>b=8\pi</math>
  
 
Region 4: There is an eighth of a sphere of radius r at each corner. Since there are 8 corners, these add up to one full sphere of radius r. The volume of this sphere is <math>\frac{4}{3}\pi*r^3</math>. <math>a=\frac{4}{3}</math>.
 
Region 4: There is an eighth of a sphere of radius r at each corner. Since there are 8 corners, these add up to one full sphere of radius r. The volume of this sphere is <math>\frac{4}{3}\pi*r^3</math>. <math>a=\frac{4}{3}</math>.

Revision as of 13:41, 8 February 2020

Problem

Let $B$ be a right rectangular prism (box) with edges lengths $1,$ $3,$ and $4$, together with its interior. For real $r\geq0$, let $S(r)$ be the set of points in $3$-dimensional space that lie within a distance $r$ of some point $B$. The volume of $S(r)$ can be expressed as $ar^{3} + br^{2} + cr +d$, where $a,$ $b,$ $c,$ and $d$ are positive real numbers. What is $\frac{bc}{ad}?$

$\textbf{(A) } 6 \qquad\textbf{(B) } 19 \qquad\textbf{(C) } 24 \qquad\textbf{(D) } 26 \qquad\textbf{(E) } 38$

Solution

Split the volume into 4 regions:

1. The rectangular prism itself

2. The extensions of the faces of B

3. The quarter cylinders at each edge of B

4. The one-eighth spheres at each corner of B.

Region 1: The volume of B is 12, so $d=12$

Region 2: The volume is equal to the surface area of B times r. The surface area can easily be computed to be $2(4*3 + 3*1 + 4*1) = 38$, so $c=38$.

Region 3: The volume of each quarter cylinder is equal to $(\pi*r^2*h)/4$. The sum of all such cylinders must equal $(\pi*r^2)/4$ times the sum of the edge lengths. This can easily be computed as $4(4+3+1) = 32$, so the sum of the volumes of the quarter cylinders is $8\pi*r^2$. $b=8\pi$

Region 4: There is an eighth of a sphere of radius r at each corner. Since there are 8 corners, these add up to one full sphere of radius r. The volume of this sphere is $\frac{4}{3}\pi*r^3$. $a=\frac{4}{3}$.

Using these values, $\frac{(8\pi)(38)}{(4\pi/3)(12)} = \boxed{\textbf{(B) }19}$

~DrJoyo

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/3BvJeZU3T-M

~IceMatrix

See Also

2020 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 19 		Followed by
Problem 21
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. AMC logo.png

Retrieved from "https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=2020_AMC_10B_Problems/Problem_20&oldid=117462"