Difference between revisions of "1996 USAMO Problems/Problem 1"
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'''Solution:''' | '''Solution:''' | ||
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| − | First, as <math>180\sin{180^\circ}=0,</math> we omit that term. Now, we multiply by <math>\sin 1^\circ</math> to get, after using product to sum, <math>(\cos 1^\circ-\cos 3^\circ+2(\cos 3^\circ-\cos5)+\cdots +89(\cos 177^\circ-\cos 179^\circ)</math>. | + | First, as <math>180\sin{180^\circ}=0,</math> we omit that term. Now, we multiply by <math>\sin 1^\circ</math> to get, after using product to sum, <math>(\cos 1^\circ-\cos 3^\circ)+2(\cos 3^\circ-\cos5)+\cdots +89(\cos 177^\circ-\cos 179^\circ)</math>. |
This simplifies to <math>\cos 1^\circ+\cos 3^\circ +\cos 5^\circ+\cos 7^\circ+...+\cos 177^\circ-89\cos 179^\circ</math>. Since <math>\cos x=-\cos(180-x),</math> this simplifies to <math>90\cos 1^\circ</math>. We multiplied by <math>\sin 1^\circ</math> in the beginning, so we must divide by it now, and thus the sum is just <math>90\cot 1^\circ</math>, so the average is <math>\cot 1^\circ</math>, as desired. | This simplifies to <math>\cos 1^\circ+\cos 3^\circ +\cos 5^\circ+\cos 7^\circ+...+\cos 177^\circ-89\cos 179^\circ</math>. Since <math>\cos x=-\cos(180-x),</math> this simplifies to <math>90\cos 1^\circ</math>. We multiplied by <math>\sin 1^\circ</math> in the beginning, so we must divide by it now, and thus the sum is just <math>90\cot 1^\circ</math>, so the average is <math>\cot 1^\circ</math>, as desired. | ||
<math>\Box</math> | <math>\Box</math> | ||
Revision as of 10:23, 6 November 2012
Problem:
Prove that the average of the numbers 
is 
.
Solution:
First, as 
we omit that term. Now, we multiply by 
to get, after using product to sum, 
.
This simplifies to 
. Since 
this simplifies to 
. We multiplied by in the beginning, so we must divide by it now, and thus the sum is just 
, so the average is , as desired.
