Art of Problem Solving
AoPS Online
Math texts, online classes, and more
for students in grades 5-12.
Visit AoPS Online ‚
Books for Grades 5-12 Online Courses
Beast Academy
Engaging math books and online learning
for students ages 6-13.
Visit Beast Academy ‚
Books for Ages 6-13 Beast Academy Online
AoPS Academy
Small live classes for advanced math
and language arts learners in grades 2-12.
Visit AoPS Academy ‚
Find a Physical Campus Visit the Virtual Campus

Difference between revisions of "2010 AIME II Problems/Problem 3"

m (Semi-automated contest formatting - script by azjps)
Line 46: Line 46:
  
 
[[Category:Intermediate Number Theory Problems]]
 
[[Category:Intermediate Number Theory Problems]]
 +
{{MAA Notice}}

Revision as of 22:37, 4 July 2013

Problem

Let $K$ be the product of all factors $(b-a)$ (not necessarily distinct) where $a$ and $b$ are integers satisfying $1\le a < b \le 20$. Find the greatest positive integer $n$ such that $2^n$ divides $K$.

Solution

In general, there are $20-n$ pairs of integers $(a, b)$ that differ by $n$ because we can let $b$ be any integer from $n+1$ to $20$ and set $a$ equal to $b-n$. Thus, the product is $(1^{19})(2^{18})\cdots(19^1)$ (or alternatively, $19! \cdot 18! \cdots 1!$.)

When we count the number of factors of $2$, we have 4 groups, factors that are divisible by $2$ at least once, twice, three times and four times.


  • Number that are divisible by $2$ at least once: $2, 4, \cdots, 18$
Exponent corresponding to each one of them $18, 16, \cdots 2$
Sum $=2+4+\cdots+18=\frac{(20)(9)}{2}=90$


  • Number that are divisible by $2$ at least twice: $4, 8, \cdots, 16$
Exponent corresponding to each one of them $16, 12, \cdots 4$
Sum $=4+8+\cdots+16=\frac{(20)(4)}{2}=40$


  • Number that are divisible by $2$ at least three times: $8,16$
Exponent corresponding to each one of them $12, 4$
Sum $=12+4=16$


  • Number that are divisible by $2$ at least four times: $16$
Exponent corresponding to each one of them $4$
Sum $=4$


Summing these give an answer of $\boxed{150}$.

See also

2010 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 2 		Followed by
Problem 4
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. AMC logo.png

Retrieved from "https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=2010_AIME_II_Problems/Problem_3&oldid=55484"