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Difference between revisions of "1987 AIME Problems/Problem 14"

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== Problem ==
 
== Problem ==
 
Compute
 
Compute
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<center><math>\frac{(10^4+324)(22^4+324)(34^4+324)(46^4+324)(58^4+324)}{(4^4+324)(16^4+324)(28^4+324)(40^4+324)(52^4+324)}</math></center>.
+
<div style="text-align:center;"><math>\frac{(10^4+324)(22^4+324)(34^4+324)(46^4+324)(58^4+324)}{(4^4+324)(16^4+324)(28^4+324)(40^4+324)(52^4+324)}</math></div>.
 +
 
 
== Solution ==
 
== Solution ==
−
{{solution}}
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The [[Sophie-Germain Identity]] states that <math>a^4 + 4b^4 \displaystyle</math> can be [[factor]]ized as <math>(a^2 + 2b^2 - 2ab)(a^2 + 2b^2 - 2ab)</math>. Each of the terms is in the form of <math>x^4 + 324</math>. Using Sophie-Germain, we get that <math>x^4 + 4\cdot 3^4 = (x^2 + 2 \cdot 3^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot x)(x^2 + 2 \cdot 3^2 + 2\cdot 3\cdot x) = (x(x-6) + 18)(x(x+6)+18)</math>.<br /><br />
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 +
<div style="text-align:center;"><math>\displaystyle\frac{[(10(10-6)+18)(10(10+6)+18)][(22(22-6)+18)(22(22+6)+18)]\cdots[(58(58-6)+18)(58(58+6)+18)]}{[(4(4-6)+18)(4(4+6)+18)][(16(16-6)+18)(16(16+6)+18)]\cdots[(52(52-6)+18)(52(52+6)+18)]}</math><br /><br />
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<math>\displaystyle = \frac{(10(4)+18)(10(16)+18)(22(16)+18)(22(28)+18)\cdots(58(52)+18)(58(64)+18)}{(4(-2)+18)(4(10)+18)(16(10)+18)(16(22)+18)\cdots(52(46)+18)(52(58)+18)}</math></div>
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Almost all of the terms cancel out! We are left with <math>\displaystyle \frac{58(64)+18}{4(-2)+18} = \frac{3730}{10} = 373</math>.
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== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
* [[1987 AIME Problems]]
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{{AIME box|year=1987|num-b=13|num-a=15}}
  
−
{{AIME box|year=1987|num-b=13|num-a=15}}
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[[Category:Intermediate Algebra Problems]]

Revision as of 16:58, 14 September 2007

Problem

Compute

$\frac{(10^4+324)(22^4+324)(34^4+324)(46^4+324)(58^4+324)}{(4^4+324)(16^4+324)(28^4+324)(40^4+324)(52^4+324)}$

.

Solution

The Sophie-Germain Identity states that $a^4 + 4b^4 \displaystyle$ can be factorized as $(a^2 + 2b^2 - 2ab)(a^2 + 2b^2 - 2ab)$. Each of the terms is in the form of $x^4 + 324$. Using Sophie-Germain, we get that $x^4 + 4\cdot 3^4 = (x^2 + 2 \cdot 3^2 - 2\cdot 3\cdot x)(x^2 + 2 \cdot 3^2 + 2\cdot 3\cdot x) = (x(x-6) + 18)(x(x+6)+18)$.

$\displaystyle\frac{[(10(10-6)+18)(10(10+6)+18)][(22(22-6)+18)(22(22+6)+18)]\cdots[(58(58-6)+18)(58(58+6)+18)]}{[(4(4-6)+18)(4(4+6)+18)][(16(16-6)+18)(16(16+6)+18)]\cdots[(52(52-6)+18)(52(52+6)+18)]}$

$\displaystyle = \frac{(10(4)+18)(10(16)+18)(22(16)+18)(22(28)+18)\cdots(58(52)+18)(58(64)+18)}{(4(-2)+18)(4(10)+18)(16(10)+18)(16(22)+18)\cdots(52(46)+18)(52(58)+18)}$

Almost all of the terms cancel out! We are left with $\displaystyle \frac{58(64)+18}{4(-2)+18} = \frac{3730}{10} = 373$.

See also

1987 AIME (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 13 		Followed by
Problem 15
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions
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