Difference between revisions of "1977 AHSME Problems"

Latest revision as of 04:09, 27 November 2020

1977 AHSME (Answer Key) Printable versions: Wiki • AoPS Resources • PDF
Instructions This is a 30-question, multiple choice test. Each question is followed by answers marked A, B, C, D and E. Only one of these is correct. You will receive 5 points for each correct answer, 2 points for each problem left unanswered, and 0 points for each incorrect answer. No aids are permitted other than scratch paper, graph paper, ruler, compass, protractor and erasers. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. You will have 90 minutes working time to complete the test.
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 • 26 • 27 • 28 • 29 • 30

Problem 1

If $y = 2x$ and $z = 2y$ , then $x + y + z$ equals

$\text{(A)}\ x \qquad \text{(B)}\ 3x \qquad \text{(C)}\ 5x \qquad \text{(D)}\ 7x \qquad \text{(E)}\ 9x$

Solution

Problem 2

Which one of the following statements is false? All equilateral triangles are

$\textbf{(A)}\ \text{ equiangular}\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \text{isosceles}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \text{regular polygons }\qquad\\ \textbf{(D)}\ \text{congruent to each other}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{similar to each other}$

Solution

Problem 3

A man has $2.73 in pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters and half dollars. If he has an equal number of coins of each kind, then the total number of coins he has is

$\text{(A)}\ 3 \qquad \text{(B)}\ 5 \qquad \text{(C)}\ 9 \qquad \text{(D)}\ 10 \qquad \text{(E)}\ 15$

Solution

Problem 4

$[asy] size(130); pair A = (2, 2.4), C = (0, 0), B = (4.3, 0), E = 0.7*A, F = 0.57*A + 0.43*B, D = (2.4, 0); draw(A--B--C--cycle); draw(E--D--F); label("$A$", A, N); label("$B$", B, E); label("$C$", C, W); label("$D$", D, S); label("$E$", E, NW); label("$F$", F, NE); //Credit to MSTang for the diagram [/asy]$

In triangle $ABC, AB=AC$ and $\measuredangle A=80^\circ$ . If points $D, E$ , and $F$ lie on sides $BC, AC$ and $AB$ , respectively, and $CE=CD$ and $BF=BD$ , then $\measuredangle EDF$ equals

$\textbf{(A) }30^\circ\qquad \textbf{(B) }40^\circ\qquad \textbf{(C) }50^\circ\qquad \textbf{(D) }65^\circ\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 5

The set of all points $P$ such that the sum of the (undirected) distances from $P$ to two fixed points $A$ and $B$ equals the distance between $A$ and $B$ is

$\textbf{(A) }\text{the line segment from }A\text{ to }B\qquad \textbf{(B) }\text{the line passing through }A\text{ and }B\qquad\\ \textbf{(C) }\text{the perpendicular bisector of the line segment from }A\text{ to }B\qquad\\ \textbf{(D) }\text{an ellipse having positive area}\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{a parabola}$

Solution

Problem 6

If $x, y$ and $2x + \frac{y}{2}$ are not zero, then $\left( 2x + \frac{y}{2} \right)^{-1} \left[(2x)^{-1} + \left( \frac{y}{2} \right)^{-1} \right]$ equals

$\textbf{(A) }1\qquad \textbf{(B) }xy^{-1}\qquad \textbf{(C) }x^{-1}y\qquad \textbf{(D) }(xy)^{-1}\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 7

If $t = \frac{1}{1 - \sqrt[4]{2}}$ , then $t$ equals

$\text{(A)}\ (1-\sqrt[4]{2})(2-\sqrt{2})\qquad \text{(B)}\ (1-\sqrt[4]{2})(1+\sqrt{2})\qquad \text{(C)}\ (1+\sqrt[4]{2})(1-\sqrt{2}) \qquad \\ \text{(D)}\ (1+\sqrt[4]{2})(1+\sqrt{2})\qquad \text{(E)}-(1+\sqrt[4]{2})(1+\sqrt{2})$

Solution

Problem 8

For every triple $(a,b,c)$ of non-zero real numbers, form the number $\frac{a}{|a|}+\frac{b}{|b|}+\frac{c}{|c|}+\frac{abc}{|abc|}$ . The set of all numbers formed is

$\textbf{(A)}\ {0} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \{-4,0,4\} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \{-4,-2,0,2,4\} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \{-4,-2,2,4\}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 9

$[asy] size(120); path c = Circle((0, 0), 1); pair A = dir(20), B = dir(130), C = dir(240), D = dir(330); draw(c); pair F = 3(A-B) + B; pair G = 3(D-C) + C; pair E = intersectionpoints(B--F, C--G)[0]; draw(B--E--C--A); label("$A$", A, NE); label("$B$", B, NW); label("$C$", C, SW); label("$D$", D, SE); label("$E$", E, E); //Credit to MSTang for the diagram [/asy]$

In the adjoining figure $\measuredangle E=40^\circ$ and arc $AB$ , arc $BC$ , and arc $CD$ all have equal length. Find the measure of $\measuredangle ACD$ .

$\textbf{(A) }10^\circ\qquad \textbf{(B) }15^\circ\qquad \textbf{(C) }20^\circ\qquad \textbf{(D) }\left(\frac{45}{2}\right)^\circ\qquad \textbf{(E) }30^\circ$

Solution

Problem 10

If $(3x-1)^7 = a_7x^7 + a_6x^6 + \cdots + a_0$ , then $a_7 + a_6 + \cdots + a_0$ equals

$\text{(A)}\ 0 \qquad \text{(B)}\ 1 \qquad \text{(C)}\ 64 \qquad \text{(D)}\ -64 \qquad \text{(E)}\ 128$

Solution

Problem 11

For each real number $x$ , let $\textbf{[}x\textbf{]}$ be the largest integer not exceeding $x$ (i.e., the integer $n$ such that $n\le x<n+1$ ). Which of the following statements is (are) true?

$\textbf{I. [}x+1\textbf{]}=\textbf{[}x\textbf{]}+1\text{ for all }x \\ \textbf{II. [}x+y\textbf{]}=\textbf{[}x\textbf{]}+\textbf{[}y\textbf{]}\text{ for all }x\text{ and }y \\ \textbf{III. [}xy\textbf{]}=\textbf{[}x\textbf{]}\textbf{[}y\textbf{]}\text{ for all }x\text{ and }y$

$\textbf{(A) }\text{none}\qquad \textbf{(B) }\textbf{I }\text{only}\qquad \textbf{(C) }\textbf{I}\text{ and }\textbf{II}\text{ only}\qquad \textbf{(D) }\textbf{III }\text{only}\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{all}$

Solution

Problem 12

Al's age is $16$ more than the sum of Bob's age and Carl's age, and the square of Al's age is $1632$ more than the square of the sum of Bob's age and Carl's age. What is the sum of the ages of Al, Bob, and Carl?

$\text{(A)}\ 64 \qquad \text{(B)}\ 94 \qquad \text{(C)}\ 96 \qquad \text{(D)}\ 102 \qquad \text{(E)}\ 140$

Solution

Problem 13

If $a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots$ is a sequence of positive numbers such that $a_{n+2}=a_na_{n+1}$ for all positive integers $n$ , then the sequence $a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots$ is a geometric progression

$\textbf{(A) }\text{for all positive values of }a_1\text{ and }a_2\qquad\\ \textbf{(B) }\text{if and only if }a_1=a_2\qquad\\ \textbf{(C) }\text{if and only if }a_1=1\qquad\\ \textbf{(D) }\text{if and only if }a_2=1\qquad\\ \textbf{(E) }\text{if and only if }a_1=a_2=1$

Solution

Problem 14

How many pairs $(m,n)$ of integers satisfy the equation $m+n=mn$ ?

$\textbf{(A) }1\qquad \textbf{(B) }2\qquad \textbf{(C) }3\qquad \textbf{(D) }4\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{more than }4$

Solution

Problem 15

$[asy] size(120); real t = 2/sqrt(3); real x = 1 + sqrt(3); pair A = t*dir(90), D = x*A; pair B = t*dir(210), E = x*B; pair C = t*dir(330), F = x*C; draw(D--E--F--cycle); draw(Circle(A, 1)); draw(Circle(B, 1)); draw(Circle(C, 1)); //Credit to MSTang for the diagram [/asy]$

Each of the three circles in the adjoining figure is externally tangent to the other two, and each side of the triangle is tangent to two of the circles. If each circle has radius three, then the perimeter of the triangle is

$\textbf{(A) }36+9\sqrt{2}\qquad \textbf{(B) }36+6\sqrt{3}\qquad \textbf{(C) }36+9\sqrt{3}\qquad \textbf{(D) }18+18\sqrt{3}\qquad \textbf{(E) }45$

Solution

Problem 16

If $i^2 = -1$ , then the sum $\cos{45^\circ} + i\cos{135^\circ} + \cdots + i^n\cos{(45 + 90n)^\circ} + \cdots + i^{40}\cos{3645^\circ}$ equals

$\text{(A)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \qquad \text{(B)}\ -10i\sqrt{2} \qquad \text{(C)}\ \frac{21\sqrt{2}}{2} \qquad\\ \text{(D)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(21 - 20i) \qquad \text{(E)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(21 + 20i)$

Solution

Problem 17

Three fair dice are tossed at random (i.e., all faces have the same probability of coming up). What is the probability that the three numbers turned up can be arranged to form an arithmetic progression with common difference one?

$\textbf{(A) }\frac{1}{6}\qquad \textbf{(B) }\frac{1}{9}\qquad \textbf{(C) }\frac{1}{27}\qquad \textbf{(D) }\frac{1}{54}\qquad \textbf{(E) }\frac{7}{36}$

Solution

Problem 18

If $y=(\log_23)(\log_34)\cdots(\log_n[n+1])\cdots(\log_{31}32)$ then

$\textbf{(A) }4<y<5\qquad \textbf{(B) }y=5\qquad \textbf{(C) }5<y<6\qquad \textbf{(D) }y=6\qquad \\ \textbf{(E) }6<y<7$

Solution

Problem 19

Let $E$ be the point of intersection of the diagonals of convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ , and let $P,Q,R$ , and $S$ be the centers of the circles circumscribing triangles $ABE, BCE, CDE$ , and $ADE$ , respectively. Then

$\textbf{(A) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram}\\ \textbf{(B) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a rhombus}\\ \textbf{(C) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a rectangle}\\ \textbf{(D) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a parallelogram}\\ \textbf{(E) }\text{none of the above are true}$

Solution

Problem 20

$\begin{tabular}{ccccccccccccc}& & & & & & C & & & & & &\\ & & & & & C & O & C & & & & &\\ & & & & C & O & N & O & C & & & &\\ & & & C & O & N & T & N & O & C & & &\\ & & C & O & N & T & E & T & N & O & C & &\\ & C & O & N & T & E & S & E & T & N & O & C &\\ C & O & N & T & E & S & T & S & E & T & N & O & C \end{tabular}$

For how many paths consisting of a sequence of horizontal and/or vertical line segments, with each segment connecting a pair of adjacent letters in the diagram above, is the word CONTEST spelled out as the path is traversed from beginning to end?

$\textbf{(A) }63\qquad \textbf{(B) }128\qquad \textbf{(C) }129\qquad \textbf{(D) }255\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 21

For how many values of the coefficient a do the equations $\begin{align*}x^2+ax+1=0 \\ x^2-x-a=0\end{align*}$ have a common real solution?

$\textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 3 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \infty$

Solution

Problem 22

If $f(x)$ is a real valued function of the real variable $x$ , and $f(x)$ is not identically zero, and for all $a$ and $b$ $f(a+b)+f(a-b)=2f(a)+2f(b)$ , then for all $x$ and $y$

$\textbf{(A) }f(0)=1\qquad \textbf{(B) }f(-x)=-f(x)\qquad \textbf{(C) }f(-x)=f(x)\qquad \\ \textbf{(D) }f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) \qquad \\ \textbf{(E) }\text{there is a positive real number }T\text{ such that }f(x+T)=f(x)$

Solution

Problem 23

If the solutions of the equation $x^2+px+q=0$ are the cubes of the solutions of the equation $x^2+mx+n=0$ , then

$\textbf{(A) }p=m^3+3mn\qquad \textbf{(B) }p=m^3-3mn\qquad \textbf{(C) }p+q=m^3\qquad\\ \textbf{(D) }\left(\frac{m}{n}\right)^2=\frac{p}{q}\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 24

Find the sum $\frac{1}{1(3)}+\frac{1}{3(5)}+\dots+\frac{1}{(2n-1)(2n+1)}+\dots+\frac{1}{255(257)}$ .

$\textbf{(A) }\frac{127}{255}\qquad \textbf{(B) }\frac{128}{255}\qquad \textbf{(C) }\frac{1}{2}\qquad \textbf{(D) }\frac{128}{257}\qquad \textbf{(E) }\frac{129}{257}$

Solution

Problem 25

Determine the largest positive integer n such that $1005!$ is divisible by $10^n$ .

$\textbf{(A) }102\qquad \textbf{(B) }112\qquad \textbf{(C) }249\qquad \textbf{(D) }502\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 26

Let $a,b,c$ , and $d$ be the lengths of sides $MN,NP,PQ$ , and $QM$ , respectively, of quadrilateral $MNPQ$ . If $A$ is the area of $MNPQ$ , then

$\textbf{(A) }A=\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is convex}\\ \textbf{(B) }A=\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a rectangle}\\ \textbf{(C) }A\le\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a rectangle}\\ \textbf{(D) }A\le\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a parallelogram}\\ \textbf{(E) }A\ge\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a parallelogram}$

Solution

Problem 27

There are two spherical balls of different sizes lying in two corners of a rectangular room, each touching two walls and the floor. If there is a point on each ball which is $5$ inches from each wall which that ball touches and $10$ inches from the floor, then the sum of the diameters of the balls is

$\textbf{(A) }20\text{ inches}\qquad \textbf{(B) }30\text{ inches}\qquad \textbf{(C) }40\text{ inches}\qquad \textbf{(D) }60\text{ inches}\qquad \\ \textbf{(E) }\text{not determined by the given information}$

Solution

Problem 28

Let $g(x)=x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$ . What is the remainder when the polynomial $g(x^{12})$ is divided by the polynomial $g(x)$ ?

$\textbf{(A) }6\qquad \textbf{(B) }5-x\qquad \textbf{(C) }4-x+x^2\qquad \textbf{(D) }3-x+x^2-x^3\qquad \\ \textbf{(E) }2-x+x^2-x^3+x^4$

Solution

Problem 29

Find the smallest integer $n$ such that $(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2\le n(x^4+y^4+z^4)$ for all real numbers $x,y$ , and $z$ .

$\textbf{(A) }2\qquad \textbf{(B) }3\qquad \textbf{(C) }4\qquad \textbf{(D) }6\qquad \textbf{(E) }\text{There is no such integer n}$

Solution

Problem 30

$[asy] for (int i=0; i<9; ++i) { draw(dir(10+40*i)--dir(50+40*i)); } draw(dir(50) -- dir(90)); label("$a$", dir(50) -- dir(90), N); draw(dir(10) -- dir(90)); label("$b$", dir(10) -- dir(90), SW); draw(dir(-70) -- dir(90)); label("$d$", dir(-70) -- dir(90), E); //Credit to MSTang for the diagram [/asy]$

If $a,b$ , and $d$ are the lengths of a side, a shortest diagonal and a longest diagonal, respectively, of a regular nonagon (see adjoining figure), then

$\textbf{(A) }d=a+b\qquad \textbf{(B) }d^2=a^2+b^2\qquad \textbf{(C) }d^2=a^2+ab+b^2\qquad\\ \textbf{(D) }b=\frac{a+d}{2}\qquad \textbf{(E) }b^2=ad$

Solution

1977 AHSME (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by 1976 AHSME	Followed by 1978 AHSME
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Difference between revisions of "1977 AHSME Problems"

Latest revision as of 04:09, 27 November 2020

Contents

Problem 1

Problem 2

Problem 3

Problem 4

Problem 5

Problem 6

Problem 7

Problem 8

Problem 9

Problem 10

Problem 11

Problem 12

Problem 13

Problem 14

Problem 15

Problem 16

Problem 17

Problem 18

Problem 19

Problem 20

Problem 21

Problem 22

Problem 23

Problem 24

Problem 25

Problem 26

Problem 27

Problem 28

Problem 29

Problem 30

See also

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{AHSME Problems
+|year = 1977
+}}
 == Problem 1 ==
 If <math>y = 2x</math> and <math>z = 2y</math>, then <math>x + y + z</math> equals
 <math>\text{(A)}\ x \qquad
 \text{(B)}\ 3x \qquad
@@ Line 14: / Line 18: @@
 Which one of the following statements is false? All equilateral triangles are
-<math> \textbf{(A)}\ \text{ equiangular}\qquad
+<math>\textbf{(A)}\ \text{ equiangular}\qquad
 \textbf{(B)}\ \text{isosceles}\qquad
-\textbf{(C)}\ \text{regular polygons }\qquad
+\textbf{(C)}\ \text{regular polygons }\qquad\\
 \textbf{(D)}\ \text{congruent to each other}\qquad
 \textbf{(E)}\ \text{similar to each other} </math>
@@ Line 25: / Line 29: @@
 == Problem 3 ==
-A man has &#036;2.73 in pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters and half dollars. If he has an equal number of coins of each kind, then the total number of coins he has is
+A man has \$2.73 in pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters and half dollars. If he has an equal number of coins of each kind, then the total number of coins he has is
 <math>\text{(A)}\ 3 \qquad
@@ Line 52: / Line 56: @@
 </asy>
-In triangle ABC, AB=AC and \measuredangle A=80^\circ. If points D, E, and F lie on sides BC, AC and AB, respectively, and CE=CD and BF=BD, then \measuredangle EDF equals
+In triangle <math>ABC, AB=AC</math> and <math>\measuredangle A=80^\circ</math>. If points <math>D, E</math>, and <math>F</math> lie on sides <math>BC, AC</math> and <math>AB</math>, respectively, and <math>CE=CD</math> and <math>BF=BD</math>, then <math>\measuredangle EDF</math> equals
 <math>\textbf{(A) }30^\circ\qquad
@@ Line 64: / Line 68: @@
 == Problem 5 ==
-The set of all points P such that the sum of the (undirected) distances from P to two fixed points A and B equals the distance between A and B is
+The set of all points <math>P</math> such that the sum of the (undirected) distances from <math>P</math> to two fixed points <math>A</math> and <math>B</math> equals the distance between <math>A</math> and <math>B</math> is
 <math>\textbf{(A) }\text{the line segment from }A\text{ to }B\qquad
-\textbf{(B) }\text{the line passing through }A\text{ and }B\qquad
+\textbf{(B) }\text{the line passing through }A\text{ and }B\qquad\\
-\textbf{(C) }\text{the perpendicular bisector of the line segment from }A\text{ to }B\qquad
+\textbf{(C) }\text{the perpendicular bisector of the line segment from }A\text{ to }B\qquad\\
 \textbf{(D) }\text{an ellipse having positive area}\qquad
 \textbf{(E) }\text{a parabola}     </math>
@@ Line 78: / Line 82: @@
 If <math>x, y</math> and <math>2x + \frac{y}{2}</math> are not zero, then
-<math>\left( 2x + \frac{y}{2} \right)\left[(2x)^{-1} + \left( \frac{y}{2} \right)^{-1} \right]</math>
+<math>\left( 2x + \frac{y}{2} \right)^{-1} \left[(2x)^{-1} + \left( \frac{y}{2} \right)^{-1} \right]</math>
 equals
@@ Line 94: / Line 98: @@
 If <math>t = \frac{1}{1 - \sqrt[4]{2}}</math>, then <math>t</math> equals
-<math>\text{(A)}\ (1 - \sqrt[4]{2})(2 - \sqrt{2}) \qquad
+<math>\text{(A)}\ (1-\sqrt[4]{2})(2-\sqrt{2})\qquad
-\text{(B)}\ (1 - \sqrt[4]{2})(1 + \sqrt{2}) \qquad
+\text{(B)}\ (1-\sqrt[4]{2})(1+\sqrt{2})\qquad
-\text{(C)}\ (1 + \sqrt[...
+\text{(C)}\ (1+\sqrt[4]{2})(1-\sqrt{2}) \qquad \\
-\text{(D)}\ (1 + \sqrt[4]{2})(1 + \sqrt{2}) \qquad
+\text{(D)}\ (1+\sqrt[4]{2})(1+\sqrt{2})\qquad
-\text{(E)} -(1 + \sqrt[4]{2})(1 + \sqrt{2})  </math>
+\text{(E)}-(1+\sqrt[4]{2})(1+\sqrt{2}) </math>
@@ Line 198: / Line 203: @@
 then the sequence <math>a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots</math> is a geometric progression
-<math>\textbf{(A) }\text{for all positive values of }a_1\text{ and }a_2\qquad
+<math>\textbf{(A) }\text{for all positive values of }a_1\text{ and }a_2\qquad\\
-\textbf{(B) }\text{if and only if }a_1=a_2\qquad
+\textbf{(B) }\text{if and only if }a_1=a_2\qquad\\
-\textbf{(C) }\text{if and only if }a_1=1\qquad
+\textbf{(C) }\text{if and only if }a_1=1\qquad\\
-\textbf{(D) }\text{if and only if }a_2=1\qquad
+\textbf{(D) }\text{if and only if }a_2=1\qquad\\
 \textbf{(E) }\text{if and only if }a_1=a_2=1  </math>
@@ Line 209: / Line 214: @@
 == Problem 14 ==
-How many pairs (m,n) of integers satisfy the equation m+n=mn?
+How many pairs <math>(m,n)</math> of integers satisfy the equation <math>m+n=mn</math>?
-\textbf{(A) }1\qquad
+<math>\textbf{(A) }1\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }2\qquad
 \textbf{(C) }3\qquad
 \textbf{(D) }4\qquad
-\textbf{(E) }\text{more than }4
+\textbf{(E) }\text{more than }4     </math>
@@ Line 222: / Line 227: @@
 == Problem 15 ==
-[asy]
+<asy>
 size(120);
 real t = 2/sqrt(3);
@@ Line 233: / Line 238: @@
 draw(Circle(B, 1));
 draw(Circle(C, 1));
-//Credit to MSTang for the diagram[/asy]
+//Credit to MSTang for the diagram
+</asy>
 Each of the three circles in the adjoining figure is externally tangent to the other two, and each side of the triangle is tangent to two of the circles. If each circle has radius three, then the perimeter of the triangle is
@@ Line 254: / Line 260: @@
 <math>\text{(A)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \qquad
 \text{(B)}\ -10i\sqrt{2} \qquad
-\text{(C)}\ \frac{21\sqrt{2}}{2}
+\text{(C)}\ \frac{21\sqrt{2}}{2} \qquad\\
 \text{(D)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(21 - 20i) \qquad
 \text{(E)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(21 + 20i)  </math>
@@ Line 277: / Line 283: @@
 == Problem 18 ==
-If y=(\log_23)(\log_34)\cdots(\log_n[n+1])\cdots(\log_{31}32) then
+If <math>y=(\log_23)(\log_34)\cdots(\log_n[n+1])\cdots(\log_{31}32)</math> then
 <math>\textbf{(A) }4<y<5\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }y=5\qquad
 \textbf{(C) }5<y<6\qquad
-\textbf{(D) }y=6\qquad
+\textbf{(D) }y=6\qquad \\
 \textbf{(E) }6<y<7     </math>
@@ Line 293: / Line 299: @@
 circumscribing triangles <math>ABE, BCE, CDE</math>, and <math>ADE</math>, respectively. Then
-<math>\textbf{(A) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram}
+<math>\textbf{(A) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram}\\
-\textbf{(B) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a rhombus}
+\textbf{(B) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a rhombus}\\
-\textbf{(C) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a rectangle}
+\textbf{(C) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a rectangle}\\
-\textbf{(D) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a parallelogram}
+\textbf{(D) }PQRS\text{ is a parallelogram if an only if }ABCD\text{ is a parallelogram}\\
 \textbf{(E) }\text{none of the above are true}     </math>
@@ Line 327: / Line 333: @@
 == Problem 21 ==
-For how many values of the coefficient a do the equations <math>\begin{align*}x^2+ax+1=0 \\ x^2-x-a=0\end{align*}</math> have a common real solution?
+For how many values of the coefficient a do the equations <cmath>\begin{align*}x^2+ax+1=0 \\ x^2-x-a=0\end{align*}</cmath> have a common real solution?
 <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 0 \qquad
@@ Line 345: / Line 351: @@
 <math>\textbf{(A) }f(0)=1\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }f(-x)=-f(x)\qquad
-\textbf{(C) }f(-x)=f(x)\qquad
+\textbf{(C) }f(-x)=f(x)\qquad \\
-\textbf{(D) }f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y)\qquad
+\textbf{(D) }f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) \qquad \\
 \textbf{(E) }\text{there is a positive real number }T\text{ such that }f(x+T)=f(x)    </math>
@@ Line 358: / Line 364: @@
 <math>\textbf{(A) }p=m^3+3mn\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }p=m^3-3mn\qquad
-\textbf{(C) }p+q=m^3\qquad
+\textbf{(C) }p+q=m^3\qquad\\
 \textbf{(D) }\left(\frac{m}{n}\right)^2=\frac{p}{q}\qquad
 \textbf{(E) }\text{none of these}     </math>
@@ Line 380: / Line 386: @@
 == Problem 25 ==
-Determine the largest positive integer n such that 1005! is divisible by 10^n.
+Determine the largest positive integer n such that <math>1005!</math> is divisible by <math>10^n</math>.
 <math>\textbf{(A) }102\qquad
@@ Line 395: / Line 401: @@
 Let <math>a,b,c</math>, and <math>d</math> be the lengths of sides <math>MN,NP,PQ</math>, and <math>QM</math>, respectively, of quadrilateral <math>MNPQ</math>. If <math>A</math> is the area of <math>MNPQ</math>, then
-<math>\textbf{(A) }A=\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is convex}
+<math>\textbf{(A) }A=\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is convex}\\
-\textbf{(B) }A=\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a rectangle}
+\textbf{(B) }A=\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a rectangle}\\
-\textbf{(C) }A\le\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a rectangle}
+\textbf{(C) }A\le\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a rectangle}\\
-\textbf{(D) }A\le\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a parallelogram}
+\textbf{(D) }A\le\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a parallelogram}\\
 \textbf{(E) }A\ge\left(\frac{a+c}{2}\right)\left(\frac{b+d}{2}\right)\text{ if and only if }MNPQ\text{ is a parallelogram} </math>
@@ Line 413: / Line 419: @@
 \textbf{(B) }30\text{ inches}\qquad
 \textbf{(C) }40\text{ inches}\qquad
-\textbf{(D) }60\text{ inches}\qquad
+\textbf{(D) }60\text{ inches}\qquad \\
 \textbf{(E) }\text{not determined by the given information}  </math>
@@ Line 420: / Line 426: @@
 == Problem 28 ==
-Let <math>g(x)=x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1</math>. What is the remainder when the polynomial <math>g(x^{12})</math> is divided by the polynomial 4g(x)<math>?
+Let <math>g(x)=x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1</math>. What is the remainder when the polynomial <math>g(x^{12})</math> is divided by the polynomial <math>g(x)</math>?
-</math>\textbf{(A) }6\qquad
+<math>\textbf{(A) }6\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }5-x\qquad
 \textbf{(C) }4-x+x^2\qquad
-\textbf{(D) }3-x+x^2-x^3\qquad
+\textbf{(D) }3-x+x^2-x^3\qquad \\
-\textbf{(E) }2-x+x^2-x^3+x^4   <math>
+\textbf{(E) }2-x+x^2-x^3+x^4   </math>
 [[1977 AHSME Problems/Problem 28|Solution]]
@@ Line 432: / Line 438: @@
 == Problem 29 ==
-Find the smallest integer </math>n<math> such that </math>(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2\le n(x^4+y^4+z^4)<math> for all real numbers </math>x,y<math>, and </math>z<math>.
+Find the smallest integer <math>n</math> such that <math>(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2\le n(x^4+y^4+z^4)</math> for all real numbers <math>x,y</math>, and <math>z</math>.
-</math>\textbf{(A) }2\qquad
+<math>\textbf{(A) }2\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }3\qquad
 \textbf{(C) }4\qquad
 \textbf{(D) }6\qquad
-\textbf{(E) }\text{There is no such integer n}   $
+\textbf{(E) }\text{There is no such integer n}   </math>
 [[1977 AHSME Problems/Problem 29|Solution]]
@@ Line 454: / Line 460: @@
 draw(dir(-70) -- dir(90));
 label("$d$", dir(-70) -- dir(90), E);
-//Credit to MSTang for the diagram</asy>
+//Credit to MSTang for the diagram
+</asy>
 If <math>a,b</math>, and <math>d</math> are the lengths of a side, a shortest diagonal and a longest diagonal, respectively,
@@ Line 461: / Line 468: @@
 <math>\textbf{(A) }d=a+b\qquad
 \textbf{(B) }d^2=a^2+b^2\qquad
-\textbf{(C) }d^2=a^2+ab+b^2\qquad
+\textbf{(C) }d^2=a^2+ab+b^2\qquad\\
 \textbf{(D) }b=\frac{a+d}{2}\qquad
 \textbf{(E) }b^2=ad  </math>
 [[1977 AHSME Problems/Problem 30|Solution]]
+== See also ==
+* [[AMC 12 Problems and Solutions]]
+* [[Mathematics competition resources]]
+{{AHSME box|year=1977|before=[[1976 AHSME]]|after=[[1978 AHSME]]}}
+{{MAA Notice}}