Difference between revisions of "2021 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 13"

Latest revision as of 20:54, 12 May 2024

Problem

Let $n$ be a positive integer and $d$ be a digit such that the value of the numeral $\underline{32d}$ in base $n$ equals $263$ , and the value of the numeral $\underline{324}$ in base $n$ equals the value of the numeral $\underline{11d1}$ in base six. What is $n + d ?$

$\textbf{(A)} ~10 \qquad\textbf{(B)} ~11 \qquad\textbf{(C)} ~13 \qquad\textbf{(D)} ~15 \qquad\textbf{(E)} ~16$

Solution 1

We can start by setting up an equation to convert $\underline{32d}$ base $n$ to base 10. To convert this to base 10, it would be $3{n}^2+2n+d.$ Because it is equal to 263, we can set this equation to 263. Finally, subtract $d$ from both sides to get $3{n}^2+2n = 263-d$ .

We can also set up equations to convert $\underline{324}$ base $n$ and $\underline{11d1}$ base 6 to base 10. The equation to covert $\underline{324}$ base $n$ to base 10 is $3{n}^2+2n+4.$ The equation to convert $\underline{11d1}$ base 6 to base 10 is ${6}^3+{6}^2+6d+1.$

Simplify ${6}^3+{6}^2+6d+1$ so it becomes $6d+253.$ Setting the above equations equal to each other, we have $3{n}^2+2n+4 = 6d+253.$ Subtracting 4 from both sides gets $3{n}^2+2n = 6d+249.$

We can then use equations $3{n}^2+2n = 263-d$ $3{n}^2+2n = 6d+249$ to solve for $d$ . Set $263-d$ equal to $6d+249$ and solve to find that $d=2$ .

Plug $d=2$ back into the equation $3{n}^2+2n = 263-d$ . Subtract 261 from both sides to get your final equation of $3{n}^2+2n-261 = 0.$ We solve using the quadratic formula to find that the solutions are $9$ and $-29/3.$ Because the base must be positive, $n=9.$

Adding 2 to 9 gets $\boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}$

-Zeusthemoose (edited for readability) -solution corrected by Billowingsweater

Solution 2

$32d$ is greater than $263$ when both are interpreted in base 10, so $n$ is less than $10$ . Some trial and error gives $n=9$ . $263$ in base 9 is $322$ , so the answer is $9+2=\boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}$ .

-SmileKat32

Solution 3

We have $3n^2 + 2n + d = 263$ $3n^2 + 2n + 4 = 6^3 + 6^2 + 6d + 1$ Subtracting the 2nd from the 1st equation we get $\begin{align*} d-4 &= 263 - (216 + 36 + 6d + 1) \\ &= 263 - 253 - 6d \\ &= 10 - 6d \end{align*}$ Thus we have $d=2.$ Substituting into the first, we have $3n^2 + 2n + 2 = 263 \Rightarrow 3n^2 + 2n - 261 = 0.$ Factoring, we have $(n-9)(3n+29)=0.$ A digit cannot be negative, so we have $n=9.$ Thus, $d+n=2+9=\boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}$

mathboy282 signing off ~ $\LaTeX$ fixed by Lamboreghini

Solution 4

Find that $d=2$ using one of the methods above. Then we have that $3n^2 + 2n = 261$ . We know that $n$ is an integer, so we can solve the equation $n(3n+2)=261$ (this is guaranteed to have a solution if we did this correctly). The prime factorization of $261$ is $3^2 \cdot 29$ , so the corresponding factor pairs are $(1, 261)$ , $(3,87)$ , and $(9,29)$ . If $n = 9$ , then the equation is true, so $n + d = 9 + 2 = \boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}$ .

Note: This solution provides an alternate way to complete the final part of the problem if, like me, you really dislike quadratics. ~ cxsmi

Video Solution (🚀 Under 4 min 🚀)

https://youtu.be/jm2VbqRpFyI

~ Education, the Study of Everything

Video Solution by OmegaLearn (Bases and System of Equations)

https://youtu.be/oAc3GdAm6lk

~ pi_is_3.14

Video Solution by TheBeautyofMath

https://youtu.be/L1iW94Ue3eI?t=880

~IceMatrix

Video Solution by Interstigation

https://youtu.be/X86a7-pSSSY

~Interstigation

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 ~<math>\LaTeX</math> fixed by Lamboreghini
+==Solution 4==
+Find that <math>d=2</math> using one of the methods above. Then we have that <math>3n^2 + 2n = 261</math>. We know that <math>n</math> is an integer, so we can solve the equation <math>n(3n+2)=261</math> (this is guaranteed to have a solution if we did this correctly). The prime factorization of <math>261</math> is <math>3^2 \cdot 29</math>, so the corresponding factor pairs are <math>(1, 261)</math>, <math>(3,87)</math>, and <math>(9,29)</math>. If <math>n = 9</math>, then the equation is true, so <math>n + d = 9 + 2 = \boxed{\textbf{(B)} ~11}</math>.
+Note: This solution provides an alternate way to complete the final part of the problem if, like me, you really dislike quadratics.
+~ [https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/User:Cxsmi cxsmi]
 ==Video Solution (🚀 Under 4 min 🚀)==

2021 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
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