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Difference between revisions of "2016 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 19"
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Since <math>\triangle APD \sim \triangle EPB,</math> <math>\frac{DP}{PB}=\frac{AD}{BE}=3.</math> Similarly, <math>\frac{DQ}{QB}=\frac{3}{2}</math>. Call the hypotonuse <math>l</math>. This means that <math>{DQ}=\frac{3l}{5}</math>. Applying similar triangles to <math>{ADP}</math> and <math>{BEP}</math>, we see that <math>\frac{PD}{PB}=\frac{3}{1}</math>. Thus <math>PB=\frac{1}{4}l</math>. Therefore, <math>r:s:t=\frac{1}{4}:\frac{2}{5}-\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{5}=5:3:12,</math> so <math>r+s+t=\boxed{\textbf{(E) }20.}</math>
 
Since <math>\triangle APD \sim \triangle EPB,</math> <math>\frac{DP}{PB}=\frac{AD}{BE}=3.</math> Similarly, <math>\frac{DQ}{QB}=\frac{3}{2}</math>. Call the hypotonuse <math>l</math>. This means that <math>{DQ}=\frac{3l}{5}</math>. Applying similar triangles to <math>{ADP}</math> and <math>{BEP}</math>, we see that <math>\frac{PD}{PB}=\frac{3}{1}</math>. Thus <math>PB=\frac{1}{4}l</math>. Therefore, <math>r:s:t=\frac{1}{4}:\frac{2}{5}-\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{5}=5:3:12,</math> so <math>r+s+t=\boxed{\textbf{(E) }20.}</math>
  
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==Solution 2==
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==Solution 2 (Coordinate Bash)==
  
 
We can set coordinates for the points. <math>D=(0,0), C=(6,0),  B=(6,3),</math> and <math>A=(0,3)</math>. The line <math>BD</math>'s equation is <math>y = \frac{1}{2}x</math>, line <math>AE</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{6}x + 3</math>, and line <math>AF</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{3}x + 3</math>. Adding the equations of lines <math>BD</math> and <math>AE</math>, we find that the coordinates of <math>P</math> is <math>(\frac{9}{2},\frac{9}{4})</math>. Furthermore we find that the coordinates <math>Q</math> is <math>(\frac{18}{5}, \frac{9}{5})</math>. Using the [[Pythagorean Theorem]], the length of <math>QD</math> is <math>\sqrt{(\frac{18}{5})^2+(\frac{9}{5})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{25}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{5} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5}</math>, and the length of <math>DP</math> = <math>\sqrt{(\frac{9}{2})^2+(\frac{9}{4})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{81}{4} + \frac{81}{16}} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{16}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> <math>PQ = DP - DQ = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20}.</math> The length of <math>DB = \sqrt{6^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{45} = 3\sqrt{5}</math>. Then <math>BP= 3\sqrt{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> The ratio <math>BP : PQ : QD = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} = 15\sqrt{5} : 9\sqrt{5} : 36\sqrt{5} = 15 : 9 : 36 = 5 : 3 : 12.</math> Then <math>r, s,</math> and <math>t</math> is <math>5, 3,</math> and <math>12</math>, respectively. The problem tells us to find <math>r + s + t</math>, so <math>5 + 3 + 12 = \boxed{\textbf{(E) }20}</math>
 
We can set coordinates for the points. <math>D=(0,0), C=(6,0),  B=(6,3),</math> and <math>A=(0,3)</math>. The line <math>BD</math>'s equation is <math>y = \frac{1}{2}x</math>, line <math>AE</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{6}x + 3</math>, and line <math>AF</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{3}x + 3</math>. Adding the equations of lines <math>BD</math> and <math>AE</math>, we find that the coordinates of <math>P</math> is <math>(\frac{9}{2},\frac{9}{4})</math>. Furthermore we find that the coordinates <math>Q</math> is <math>(\frac{18}{5}, \frac{9}{5})</math>. Using the [[Pythagorean Theorem]], the length of <math>QD</math> is <math>\sqrt{(\frac{18}{5})^2+(\frac{9}{5})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{25}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{5} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5}</math>, and the length of <math>DP</math> = <math>\sqrt{(\frac{9}{2})^2+(\frac{9}{4})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{81}{4} + \frac{81}{16}} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{16}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> <math>PQ = DP - DQ = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20}.</math> The length of <math>DB = \sqrt{6^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{45} = 3\sqrt{5}</math>. Then <math>BP= 3\sqrt{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> The ratio <math>BP : PQ : QD = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} = 15\sqrt{5} : 9\sqrt{5} : 36\sqrt{5} = 15 : 9 : 36 = 5 : 3 : 12.</math> Then <math>r, s,</math> and <math>t</math> is <math>5, 3,</math> and <math>12</math>, respectively. The problem tells us to find <math>r + s + t</math>, so <math>5 + 3 + 12 = \boxed{\textbf{(E) }20}</math>
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==See Also==
 
==See Also==
 
{{AMC10 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=18|num-a=20}}
 
{{AMC10 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=18|num-a=20}}
 
{{MAA Notice}}
 
{{MAA Notice}}

Revision as of 10:53, 11 February 2016

Problem

In rectangle $ABCD,$ $AB=6$ and $BC=3$. Point $E$ between $B$ and $C$, and point $F$ between $E$ and $C$ are such that $BE=EF=FC$. Segments $\overline{AE}$ and $\overline{AF}$ intersect $\overline{BD}$ at $P$ and $Q$, respectively. The ratio $BP:PQ:QD$ can be written as $r:s:t$ where the greatest common factor of $r,s,$ and $t$ is $1.$ What is $r+s+t$?

$\textbf{(A) } 7 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 9 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 12 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 15 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 20$

Solution 1

[asy] size(6cm); pair D=(0,0), C=(6,0), B=(6,3), A=(0,3); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle); draw(B--D); draw(A--(6,2)); draw(A--(6,1)); label("$A$", A, dir(135)); label("$B$", B, dir(45)); label("$C$", C, dir(-45)); label("$D$", D, dir(-135)); label("$Q$", extension(A,(6,1),B,D),dir(-90)); label("$P$", extension(A,(6,2),B,D), dir(90)); label("$F$", (6,1), dir(0)); label("$E$", (6,2), dir(0)); [/asy]

Since $\triangle APD \sim \triangle EPB,$ $\frac{DP}{PB}=\frac{AD}{BE}=3.$ Similarly, $\frac{DQ}{QB}=\frac{3}{2}$. Call the hypotonuse $l$. This means that ${DQ}=\frac{3l}{5}$. Applying similar triangles to ${ADP}$ and ${BEP}$, we see that $\frac{PD}{PB}=\frac{3}{1}$. Thus $PB=\frac{1}{4}l$. Therefore, $r:s:t=\frac{1}{4}:\frac{2}{5}-\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{5}=5:3:12,$ so $r+s+t=\boxed{\textbf{(E) }20.}$

Solution 2 (Coordinate Bash)

We can set coordinates for the points. $D=(0,0), C=(6,0), B=(6,3),$ and $A=(0,3)$. The line $BD$'s equation is $y = \frac{1}{2}x$, line $AE$'s equation is $y = -\frac{1}{6}x + 3$, and line $AF$'s equation is $y = -\frac{1}{3}x + 3$. Adding the equations of lines $BD$ and $AE$, we find that the coordinates of $P$ is $(\frac{9}{2},\frac{9}{4})$. Furthermore we find that the coordinates $Q$ is $(\frac{18}{5}, \frac{9}{5})$. Using the Pythagorean Theorem, the length of $QD$ is $\sqrt{(\frac{18}{5})^2+(\frac{9}{5})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{25}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{5} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5}$, and the length of $DP$ = $\sqrt{(\frac{9}{2})^2+(\frac{9}{4})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{81}{4} + \frac{81}{16}} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{16}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4}.$ $PQ = DP - DQ = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20}.$ The length of $DB = \sqrt{6^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{45} = 3\sqrt{5}$. Then $BP= 3\sqrt{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4}.$ The ratio $BP : PQ : QD = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} = 15\sqrt{5} : 9\sqrt{5} : 36\sqrt{5} = 15 : 9 : 36 = 5 : 3 : 12.$ Then $r, s,$ and $t$ is $5, 3,$ and $12$, respectively. The problem tells us to find $r + s + t$, so $5 + 3 + 12 = \boxed{\textbf{(E) }20}$

See Also

2016 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 18 		Followed by
Problem 20
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

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