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Difference between revisions of "Algebraic geometry"
(Undo revision 24543 by MysticTerminator (Talk))
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Let <math>A</math> be a ring and <math>X=\operatorname{Spec}A</math>. An affine scheme is a ringed topological space isomorphic to some <math>(\operatorname{Spec }A,\mathcal{O}_{\operatorname{Spec}A})</math>.
 
Let <math>A</math> be a ring and <math>X=\operatorname{Spec}A</math>. An affine scheme is a ringed topological space isomorphic to some <math>(\operatorname{Spec }A,\mathcal{O}_{\operatorname{Spec}A})</math>.
 
A scheme is a ringed topological space <math>(X,\mathcal{O}_X)</math> admitting an open covering <math>\{U_i\}_i</math> such that <math>(U_i,\mathcal{O}_{X|U_i})</math> is an affine scheme for every <math>i</math>.
 
A scheme is a ringed topological space <math>(X,\mathcal{O}_X)</math> admitting an open covering <math>\{U_i\}_i</math> such that <math>(U_i,\mathcal{O}_{X|U_i})</math> is an affine scheme for every <math>i</math>.
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== Stacks ==
 
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I don't know what a stack is. Most people I know are scared of them. If you really want to know, check Wikipedia.
 
  
 
{{stub}}
 
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Revision as of 21:27, 3 April 2008

Algebraic geometry is the study of solutions of polynomial equations by means of abstract algebra, and in particular ring theory. Algebraic geometry is most easily done over algebraically closed fields, but it can also be done more generally over any field or even over rings. It is not to be confused with analytic geometry, which is use of coordinates to solve geometrical problems.

Affine Algebraic Varieties

One of the first basic objects studied in algebraic geometry is a variety. Let $\mathbb{A}^k$ denote affine $k$-space, i.e. a vector space of dimension $k$ over an algebraically closed field, such as the field $\mathbb{C}$ of complex numbers. (We can think of this as $k$-dimensional "complex Euclidean" space.) Let $R=\mathbb{C}[X_1,\ldots,X_k]$ be the polynomial ring in $k$ variables, and let $I$ be a maximal ideal of $R$. Then $V(I)=\{p\in\mathbb{A}^k\mid f(p)=0\mathrm{\ for\ all\ } f\in I\}$ is called an affine algebraic variety.

Projective Varieties

Let k be a field. A projective variety over k is a projective scheme over k. Projective varieties are algebraic varieties.

Schemes

Let $A$ be a ring and $X=\operatorname{Spec}A$. An affine scheme is a ringed topological space isomorphic to some $(\operatorname{Spec }A,\mathcal{O}_{\operatorname{Spec}A})$. A scheme is a ringed topological space $(X,\mathcal{O}_X)$ admitting an open covering $\{U_i\}_i$ such that $(U_i,\mathcal{O}_{X|U_i})$ is an affine scheme for every $i$.

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