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Difference between revisions of "2020 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 8"

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<math>\textbf{(A) } 1 \qquad\textbf{(B) } 2 \qquad\textbf{(C) } 3 \qquad\textbf{(D) } 4 \qquad\textbf{(E) } \text{infinitely many}</math>
 
<math>\textbf{(A) } 1 \qquad\textbf{(B) } 2 \qquad\textbf{(C) } 3 \qquad\textbf{(D) } 4 \qquad\textbf{(E) } \text{infinitely many}</math>
  
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==Solution==
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==Solution, x first==
 
Set it up as a quadratic in terms of y:
 
Set it up as a quadratic in terms of y:
 
<cmath>y^2-2y+x^{2020}=0</cmath>
 
<cmath>y^2-2y+x^{2020}=0</cmath>
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These are the only 4 solutions, so <math>\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 4}</math>
 
These are the only 4 solutions, so <math>\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 4}</math>
  
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==Solution 2==
+
==Solution 2, y first==
  
 
Move the <math>y^2</math> term to the other side to get <math>x^{2020}=2y-y^2 = y(2-y)</math>. Because <math>x^{2020} \geq 0</math> for all <math>x</math>, then <math>y(2-y) \geq 0 \Rightarrow y = 0,1,2</math>. If <math>y=0</math> or <math>y=2</math>, the right side is <math>0</math> and therefore <math>x=0</math>. When <math>y=1</math>, the right side become <math>1</math>, therefore <math>x=1,-1</math>. Our solutions are <math>(0,2)</math>, <math>(0,0)</math>, <math>(1,1)</math>, <math>(-1,1)</math>. There are <math>4</math> solutions, so the answer is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 4}</math>
 
Move the <math>y^2</math> term to the other side to get <math>x^{2020}=2y-y^2 = y(2-y)</math>. Because <math>x^{2020} \geq 0</math> for all <math>x</math>, then <math>y(2-y) \geq 0 \Rightarrow y = 0,1,2</math>. If <math>y=0</math> or <math>y=2</math>, the right side is <math>0</math> and therefore <math>x=0</math>. When <math>y=1</math>, the right side become <math>1</math>, therefore <math>x=1,-1</math>. Our solutions are <math>(0,2)</math>, <math>(0,0)</math>, <math>(1,1)</math>, <math>(-1,1)</math>. There are <math>4</math> solutions, so the answer is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 4}</math>

Revision as of 10:52, 8 February 2020

Problem

How many ordered pairs of integers $(x, y)$ satisfy the equation\[x^{2020}+y^2=2y?\]

$\textbf{(A) } 1 \qquad\textbf{(B) } 2 \qquad\textbf{(C) } 3 \qquad\textbf{(D) } 4 \qquad\textbf{(E) } \text{infinitely many}$

Solution, x first

Set it up as a quadratic in terms of y: \[y^2-2y+x^{2020}=0\] Then the discriminant is \[\Delta = 4-4x^{2020}\] This will clearly only yield real solutions when $x^{2020} \leq 1$, because it is always positive. Then $x=-1,0,1$. Checking each one: $-1$ and $1$ are the same when raised to the 2020th power: \[y^2-2y+1=(y-1)^2=0\] This has only has solutions $1$, so $(\pm 1,1)$ are solutions. Next, if $x=0$: \[y^2-2y=0\] Which has 2 solutions, so $(0,2)$ and $(0,0)$

These are the only 4 solutions, so $\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 4}$

Solution 2, y first

Move the $y^2$ term to the other side to get $x^{2020}=2y-y^2 = y(2-y)$. Because $x^{2020} \geq 0$ for all $x$, then $y(2-y) \geq 0 \Rightarrow y = 0,1,2$. If $y=0$ or $y=2$, the right side is $0$ and therefore $x=0$. When $y=1$, the right side become $1$, therefore $x=1,-1$. Our solutions are $(0,2)$, $(0,0)$, $(1,1)$, $(-1,1)$. There are $4$ solutions, so the answer is $\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 4}$

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/6ujfjGLzVoE

~IceMatrix

See Also

2020 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 7 		Followed by
Problem 9
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

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